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Examples of different medical practices can be located at a distance, at different times in human history. Craig & Patterson say that perhaps the first form of communication network in addressing public health would have occurred in middle age, with the use of fire and smoke in open skies to inform on the progress of the plague on Europe.
In the nineteenth century, with the growth and development of postal services, the telegraph was being used to convey information, especially during the American civil war.
The phone began to be used in many countries in Europe and the USA and its inventor, in the year of 1880 would have realized a medical long distance, when one of his employees suffered an accident in his laboratory.
In the twentieth century, with the spread of radio, dissemination of information on diseases, in general, has been further extended, the medical services by radio grew so substantial, aiming to meet travelers for long distances by sea.
However, one could say that, from a technology, which most influenced the development of telemedicine was the television when, in the late 50th, came to be used in the form of closed circuit and for communications for video. The transmission of radiological images and the realization of psychiatric consultations at a distance, have become common practice in the United States.
The service pioneer in teleradiology was developed in Canada in 1957, by Dr. Albert Jutras, providing care and support to rural communities and few resources. In the late 50th, a work done in partnership between NASA and the department of public health of the USA, transmitted electrocardiograms and radiographs of an indigenous community in the state of Arizona, to which they were evaluated by experts.
In the late 60th, a new form of Telemedicine is now used between the Massachusetts General Hospital in Boston and the airport, where travelers were met through television, including consultations with the experts.
In the decades of 1970 and 1980 the development of Telemedicine has been somewhat stagnant in the United States, but the space program in this country continued developing technologies to monitor the vital data of the astronauts, in the distance. From 1990, investments in Telemedicine received large increase, while the development of medical services that used the capture of images and electronic transmission of data.
The videoconferencing began to be carried out with transmission of digital images, radiology and other areas. Some experts have begun to provide second opinion for cases of conduct difficult in remote regions.
This way, by the late of 1990, the definition of e-transmission of knowledge and health care at a distance, using systems of communication - but still hard to understand, involved a content rich and diverse, including processes of education, sharing of medical knowledge and use of the variety of technological tools, aiming to improve the quality and reduce the cost of assistance in health. At that historic moment, it was believed that technological innovations would create more and better opportunities for the sharing of information in the area of health.
In the twenty-first century medicine and other areas of health are incorporating major changes, which when used in an integrated manner to medical environments, undoubtedly has contributed to changes in the processes of work.
In Brazil, the telecommunications sector also progressed considerably from the decade of 1960. The processes institutional modernization were accompanied by policies for industrial and technological development of the telecommunications industry, where the strategy used by the government was to stimulate local production of technologies.
In the year of 1962 was established the Código Brasileiro de Telecomunicações and the year of 1972 was created to TELEBRÁS-Telecomunicações Brasileiras S / A, linked to the ministry of communications. In 1998 most of the equipment necessary for the proper development of telecommunications is now imported, the mobile and infrastructure for communications via computers began to keep pace with call economic globalization. Craig & Patterson highlight the importance that the advances in wireless and satellite communications have enabled the practices in telematics on health.
Empresa Brasileira de Telecomunicações S/A - www.telebras.com.br/historico.htm
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